turnee



.M.P.TURNER. WALL FOR BUILDINGS.

No 98,446. Patented Dec. 28, 1869.

'Brick, Stone, Cement, Concrete, Wood, and other beinglhad to theaccompanying drawings, and to the story, and are provided on both sideswith battens or near grates strut (hllliirr.

Letters Patent-No. 98,446,

dated December28, 1869.

IMPROVED ALL IbR Bun-mime v The Schedule referred to in these LettersPatent meld-n; part of the same- To .all whom it may concern Be it knownthat I, M. P. TURNER, of Des Moines, in the county of Polk, and in theState of Iowa, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in\Valls; and do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, andexact description-thereof, reference letters of reference markedthereon, making a part of this specification.

The nature of my invention consists in a cheap binding-principle, thatwill hold brick, stone, cement, concrete, and wooden walls, as well asrafters, to their place, by means 'of'wire operating like a hoop.

In order to enable others skilled .in the art to which my inventionappertains, to make and use the same, I will now proceed to describe itsconstruction and operation, referring to the annexed drawing, in whichFigure 1 is a side view, and

Figure 2, a horizontal section.

The manner in which walls are laid with my bindlug-process is asfollows;

First, beginning with the corner-post a, against which are set brick b bon the outside, and against .the other two sides of the post a areplaced studs d d, as seen in fig. 2; or,,I may place half bricks ontheinner sides of the corner-posts, and then place the studs, leaving anair-space between the inner and outer bricks.

The .stndsd d extend upward to the top of the first projections to keepthe brick in position, and counteract the shrinkage of the wood. p

A wire, e, of suitable size, and capable of sustaining about eighthundred pounds, is fastened at the cornerpost a with a bolt, andextends, lying on the brick, to the outer edge ofi'the stud d, and therebent once around a nail.

Studs d d are placed at regular intervals between each brick, forming anair-chamber, f.

The wire a then follows the line of the edge of the brick, within abouthalf an inch of the outer edge, from stud to stud, and so on around thebuilding, being imbedded in the mortar when the next course of brick islaid.

The inside wire 1; is laid in the same manner, except that it lies closeto the edge of the brick, and so on with each course of brick until thewall is completed.

The brick may be laid solid against the posts and l studs, orwithmortar, but the space the-outside,

caused by the studs not quite reachi g to the outer line of the brick,will be filled with mortar.

The studs may be of any desired thickness.

The design is that the outer wall shall present the appearance of allbrick, laid on edge, or flat, as is usually the case. The inside surfacewill be smooth enough to require but little plastering, unless a secondair-chamber should be desired. Then, by extending the stud about half aninch on the inside, and boring holes through itfor the wire, (ornailingcleats over the nails holding-the wire to the stud on the inside,perpendicular,-and'lath and plaster over that,) or sufficient forlathing -purposes, making one or two'airchambers, as may-be desired.

It will beobserved that every block, brick, stud, or other mater al,acts as a brace and counterbrace to the wall, binding alltogethei like ahoop on a barrel.

By repeated experiments, I have demonstrated that a house built in thisway may he handled like a barrel, and therefore I called it anearthquake-proof wall, whether of wood, brick, or other material. F or aframe house, the weatherboarding, of course, covers up the wires; still,the strength is'there. The wires are entirely concealed and preserved bythe mortar, and the projecting of the brick with crevices filled withmortar, hides all wood, and renders it fire-proof. The wire forms anet-work around the building. Its relation to every other material usedis such that all contribute'to the common strength, and each individualpiece is self-sustaining. I

Having thus fully described my invention,

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A wall for buildings, constructed as described, by placing the brickon their edges, their ends separated by vertical wooden studs, and boundwith wire placed horizontally between each layer of brick, substantiallyas herein set forth.

2. The combination of the corner-post a, brick b, studs (1, and wires 0a, all arranged substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing, I have hcrcunto set my hand,thi's.28th day of August, 1869.

I M. P; TURNER. Witnesses:

D. JL. GELL,

GILES H. TURNER.

